9/22/21 News Archives for Chemistry Experiments of Dichloro(benzene)ruthenium(II) dimer

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The reactions of [RuCl(mu-Cl)(eta6-p-cymene)]2 with sodium carboxylates, in methanol or acetonitrile solution, afforded the complexes [RuCl(kappa2O-RCO2)(eta6-p-cymene)] (RCO2 = valproate, 1; aspirinate, 2; diclofenate, 3), in 79?96% yields. Analogously, [RuCl(kappa2O-dfCO2)(eta6-benzene)], 4, was obtained in admixture with minor by-products from [RuCl(mu-Cl)(eta6-benzene)]2 and sodium/silver diclofenate. The sequential reaction of [RuCl(mu-Cl)(eta6-p-cymene)]2 with sodium salicylate and PPh3 gave [Ru(kappa2O,O?-salCO2)(PPh3)(eta6-p-cymene)], 5, in 70% yield. The hydride complex [Ru2Cl2(mu-Cl)(mu-H)(eta6-p-cymene)2], 6, was produced in 36% yield from [RuCl(mu-Cl)(eta6-p-cymene)]2 and sodium formate. An optimization of the experimental work-up allowed to isolate [RuCl(mu-Cl)(eta6-p-cymene)]2 with an improved yield respect to the literature (98% vs. 65%). The bidentate coordination mode of the carboxylato ligands in 1?5 was unambiguously ascertained by IR and NMR spectroscopy, moreover the solid state structure of 1 was elucidated by single crystal X-ray diffraction. Complexes 1?3 experience rapid and quantitative dissociation of the carboxylato anion in DMSO/water/NaCl mixtures, mainly converting into [RuCl2(DMSO)(eta6-p-cymene)], 7.

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Reference:
Highly efficient and robust molecular ruthenium catalysts for water oxidation,
Catalysts | Special Issue : Ruthenium Catalysts – MDPI

Sep-21 News Awesome Chemistry Experiments For Cis-Dichlorobis(2,2′-bipyridine)ruthenium(II)

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A series of Ru(II) 2,2?-bipyridine (bpy) complexes with an electron-accepting dipyrido[3,2-A:2?,3?-c]phenazine (dppz) ligand coupled to an electron-donating triarylamine (TAA) group have been investigated. Systematic alteration of a bridging unit between the dppz and TAA allowed exploration into how communication between the donor and acceptor is perturbed by distance, as well as by steric and electronic effects. The effect of the bridging group on the electronic properties of the systems was characterized using a variety of spectroscopic methods, including Fourier transform-Raman (FT-Raman) spectroscopy, resonance Raman spectroscopy, and transient resonance Raman (TR2) spectroscopy. These methods were used in conjunction with ground- and excited-state absorption spectroscopy, electrochemical studies, and DFT calculations. The ground-state electronic absorption spectra show distinct variation with the bridging group, with the wavelength observed for the lowest energy electronic transition ranging from 449 nm to 522 nm, accompanied by large changes in the molar absorptivity. The lowest-energy Franck-Condon state was determined to be intra-ligand charge transfer (ILCT) in nature for most compounds. The presence of higher-energy metal-to-ligand charge transfer (MLCT) Ru(II) ? bpy and Ru(II) ? dppz transitions was also confirmed via resonance Raman spectroscopy. The TR2 spectra showed characteristic dppz?«- and TAA? »+ vibrations, indicating that the THEXI state formed was also ILCT in nature. Excited-state lifetime measurements reveal that the rate of decay is in accordance with the energy gap law and is not otherwise affected by the nature of the bridging unit.

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Highly efficient and robust molecular ruthenium catalysts for water oxidation,
Catalysts | Special Issue : Ruthenium Catalysts – MDPI

Sep-21 News Can You Really Do Chemisty Experiments About Cis-Dichlorobis(2,2′-bipyridine)ruthenium(II)

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Three tripodal ligands 2,2?,2?-tris[(4,5-diazafluoren-9-ylimino)phenoxyethyl]amine (L1), 1,3,5-tris[(4,5-diazafluoren-9-ylimino)phenoxymethyl]-2,4,6-trimethylbenzene (L2), 1,1?,1?-tris[(4,5-diazafluoren-9-ylimino)phenoxymethyl]-1??-(p-tosyloxymethyl)-methane (L3), and corresponding Ru(II) complexes [(bpy)6L1-3(RuII)3](PF6)6 (Ru-L1-3) have been prepared. Cyclic voltammetry of the three complexes are consistent with one Ru(II)-centered quasi-reversible oxidation and three ligand-centered reductions. Photophysical behaviors are investigated by UV-Vis absorption and fluorescence spectrometry. The three complexes display metal-to-ligand charge transfer absorption at 445 nm and emission at 578 nm.

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Reference:
Highly efficient and robust molecular ruthenium catalysts for water oxidation,
Catalysts | Special Issue : Ruthenium Catalysts – MDPI

09/18/21 News Discovery of Dichloro(benzene)ruthenium(II) dimer

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We report a practical one-pot synthesis of dialkylammonium salts of anionic dinuclear ruthenium complexes having chelating diphosphine ligands, BINAPs and DPB, with formula of [NEt2H2][{RuCl(diphosphine)}2(mu-Cl) 3] [2a: diphosphine = 2,2?-bis-(diphenylphosphino)-1,1?-binaphthyl; 6a: 2,2?-bis(di(p-tolyl)phosphino)-1,1?-binaphthyl; 8a: 1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)benzene]. Treatment of cationic ruthenium complexes, [RuCl(eta6-p-cymene)(diphosphine)]Cl (4) with a slight excess of NEt2H2Cl (5a) afforded 2a, 6a, and 8a in quantitative yields. Similar reactions with various dialkylammonium salts 5b-f gave the corresponding salts, [NR2H2][{RuCl(diphosphine)}2(mu-Cl) 3]. A one-pot mixture of BINAP or its derivative, [RuCl2(eta6-arene)]2, and NR2H2Cl produced salts of the anionic dinuclear complexes which can be applied as catalysts for the asymmetric hydrogenation of ketonic substrates such as acetol and methyl acetoacetate with high activity and high enantioselectivity. The anionic face-sharing bioctahedral structure of these complexes was confirmed by the X-ray analysis of 8a, which has two hydrogen bonds between two NH of the diethylammonium cation and two terminal chloro-ligands.

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Reference:
Highly efficient and robust molecular ruthenium catalysts for water oxidation,
Catalysts | Special Issue : Ruthenium Catalysts – MDPI

09/18/21 News Final Thoughts on Chemistry for Cis-Dichlorobis(2,2′-bipyridine)ruthenium(II)

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A new preparative method of (1+) (bpy=2,2′-bipyridine) and the water gas shift reaction (WGSR) catalyzed by this complex are described.A cyclic mechanism for the WGSR is proposed to proceed via (2+), (1+), and (1+) as intermediates successively; the former two were isolated.

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Reference:
Highly efficient and robust molecular ruthenium catalysts for water oxidation,
Catalysts | Special Issue : Ruthenium Catalysts – MDPI

18-Sep-21 News The important role of Dichloro(benzene)ruthenium(II) dimer

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Reactions of aqueous solutions of <2> (M = Ru, Os) with an excess of either NaOH or Na2CO3 followed by addition of NaBPh4 gave as the major product BPh4 together with some <(eta-C6H6)M(OH)3M(eta-C6H6)>BPh4.Recrystallisation from acetone then gave pure samples of BPh4Me2CO.Reaction of other <2> with NaOH or Na2CO3 gave only the + cations (arene = p-MeC6H4CHMe2, C6H3Me3, C6Me6).Similarly, treatment of <2> with NaOR/ROH and NaBPh4 gave the triplealkoxo-bridged complexes BPh4 (M = Ru, R = Me, Et, Ph; arene = C6H6; M = Ru, R = Me, arene = C6H3Me3, C6Me6; M = Os, R = Me; arene = C6H6).These compounds can also be synthesised by reaction of BPh4*Me2CO with ROH (R = Me, Et).

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Reference:
Highly efficient and robust molecular ruthenium catalysts for water oxidation,
Catalysts | Special Issue : Ruthenium Catalysts – MDPI

9/18 News Extracurricular laboratory:new discovery of Dichloro(benzene)ruthenium(II) dimer

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The synthesis and characterization of ruthenium(II) arene complexes [(eta6-arene)Ru(N,N)Cl]0/+, where N,N = 2,2?-bipyridine (bipy), 2,2?-bipyridine-3,3?-diol (bipy(OH)2) or deprotonated 2,2?-bipyridine-3,3?-diol (bipy(OH)O) as N,N-chelating ligand, arene = benzene (bz), indan (ind), biphenyl (bip), p-terphenyl (p-terp), tetrahydronaphthalene (thn), tetrahydroanthracene (tha) or dihydroanthracene (dha), are reported, including the X-ray crystal structures of [(eta6-tha)Ru(bipy)Cl][PF6] (1), [(eta6-tha)Ru(bipy(OH)O)Cl] (2) and [(eta6-ind) Ru(bipy(OH)2)Cl][PF6] (8). Complexes 1 and 2 exibit CH (arene)/pi (bipy or bipy(OH)O) interactions. In the X-ray structure of protonated complex 8, the pyridine rings are twisted (by 17.31). In aqueous solution (pH = 2-10), only deprotonated (bipy(OH)O) forms are present. Hydrolysis of the complexes was relatively fast in aqueous solution (t 1/2 = 4-15 min, 310 K). When the arene is biphenyl, initial aquation of the complexes is followed by partial arene loss. Complexes with arene = tha, thn, dha, ind and p-terp, and deprotonated bipyridinediol (bipy(OH)O) as chelating ligands, exhibited significant cytotoxicity toward A2780 human ovarian and A549 human lung cancer cells. Complexes [(eta6-bip)Ru(bipy(OH) O)Cl] (7) and [(eta6-bz)Ru(bipy(OH)O)Cl] (5) exhibited moderate cytotoxicity toward A2780 cells, but were inactive toward A549 cells. These activity data can be contrasted with those of the parent bipyridine complex [(eta6-tha)Ru(bipy)Cl][PF6] (1) which is inactive toward both A2780 ovarian and A549 lung cell lines. DFT calculations suggested that hydroxylation and methylation of the bipy ligand have little effect on the charge on Ru. The active complex [(eta6-tha)Ru(bipy(OH)O)Cl] (2) binds strongly to 9-ethyl-guanine (9-EtG). The X-ray crystal structure of the adduct [(eta6-tha)Ru(bipy(OH)O)(9-EtG-N7)][PF6] shows intramolecular CH (arene)/pi (bipy(OH)O) interactions and DFT calculations suggested that these are more stable than arene/9-EtG pi-pi interactions. However [(eta6-ind)Ru(bipy(OH)2)Cl][PF6] (8) and [(eta6-ind)Ru(bipy)Cl][PF6] (16) bind only weakly to DNA. DNA may therefore not be the major target for complexes studied here.

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Reference:
Highly efficient and robust molecular ruthenium catalysts for water oxidation,
Catalysts | Special Issue : Ruthenium Catalysts – MDPI

9/18/21 News The Absolute Best Science Experiment for Dichloro(benzene)ruthenium(II) dimer

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Hydrogenation is a core technology in chemical synthesis. High rates and selectivities are attainable only by the coordination of structurally well-designed catalysts and suitable reaction conditions. The newly devised [RuCl2-(phosphane)2(1,2-diamine) ] complexes are excellent precatalysts for homogeneous hydrogenation of simple ketones which lack any functionality capable of interacting with the metal center. This catalyst system allows for the preferential reduction of a C=O function over a coexisting C=C linkage in a 2-propanol solution containing an alkaline base. The hydrogenation tolerates many substituents including F, Cl, Br, I, CF3, OCH3, OCH2C6H5, COOCH(CH3)2, NO2, NH2, and NRCOR as well as various electron-rich and -deficient heterocycles. Furthermore, stereoselectivity is easily controlled by the electronic and steric properties (bulkiness and chirality) of the ligands as well as the reaction conditions. Diastereoselectivities observed in the catalytic hydrogenation of cyclic and acyclic ketones with the standard triphenylphosphane/ethylenediamine combination compare well with the best conventional hydride reductions. The use of appropriate chiral diphosphanes, particularly BINAP compounds, and chiral diamines results in rapid and productive asymmetric hydrogenation of a range of aromatic and heteroaromatic ketones and gives a consistently high enantioselectivity. Certain amino and alkoxy ketones can be used as substrates. Cyclic and acyclic alpha,beta-unsaturated ketones can be converted into chiral allyl alcohols of high enantiomeric purity. Hydrogenation of configurationally labile ketones allows for the dynamic kinetic discrimination of diastereomers, epimers, and enantiomers. This new method shows promise in the practical synthesis of a wide variety of chiral alcohols from achiral and chiral ketone substrates. Its versatility is manifested by the asymmetric synthesis of some biologically significant chiral compounds. The high rate and carbonyl selectivity are based on nonclassical metal-ligand bifunctional catalysis involving an 18-electron amino ruthenium hydride complex and a 16-electron amido ruthenium species.

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Reference:
Highly efficient and robust molecular ruthenium catalysts for water oxidation,
Catalysts | Special Issue : Ruthenium Catalysts – MDPI

9/18/21 News Final Thoughts on Chemistry for Dichloro(benzene)ruthenium(II) dimer

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Metal complexes-catalyzed hydrolysis and alcoholysis of organic substrates such as alkenyl esters, alkenyl ethers, and azlactones (oxazol-5(4H)-ones) are described. These reactions were applied for kinetic resolution of chiral compounds and high selectivities were achieved with vinyl ethers of 2-substituted cyclohexanols, 1,1?-bi-2-naphthols, 1,1?-bi-2-phenols, and 4,4-disubstituted azlactones. Oxidative carbon-carbon bond cleavage reactions, which were found in the course of the study of asymmetric hydrolysis were also described.

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Reference:
Highly efficient and robust molecular ruthenium catalysts for water oxidation,
Catalysts | Special Issue : Ruthenium Catalysts – MDPI

09/17/21 News Some scientific research about Dichloro(benzene)ruthenium(II) dimer

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Chemistry is an experimental science, and the best way to enjoy it and learn about it is performing experiments.Introducing a new discovery about 37366-09-9, Name is Dichloro(benzene)ruthenium(II) dimer, name: Dichloro(benzene)ruthenium(II) dimer.

The new ligand, 3-(di-2-pyridylaminomethyl)benzamide, L, which carries two different coordination sites, i.e. the primary amide moiety on one side and a di-2-pyridylamine unit as a strong chelating group on the other side is synthesized. Reaction of chloro-bridged dimers viz., [(I· 6-arene)Ru(mu-Cl)Cl]2 and [Cp*M(mu-Cl)Cl] 2 with two equivalents of the ligand L in methanol followed by the addition of NH4BF4 results the formation of mononuclear complexes of the formulation [(I·6-arene)Ru(L)Cl]BF 4 [arene = C6H6 (1), C10H 14 (2), C6Me6 (3)] and [Cp*M(L)Cl]BF 4 [M = Rh (4); Ir (5)]. All these complexes are characterized by micro analyses, IR, and 1H NMR spectroscopic analyses and finally by single crystal XRD study of some representative complexes. Complexes 3 and 5 show mutual intermolecular hydrogen bonding by amide-amide interactions. Copyright

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Reference:
Highly efficient and robust molecular ruthenium catalysts for water oxidation,
Catalysts | Special Issue : Ruthenium Catalysts – MDPI