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The Negishi cross-coupling reaction creates a new binding site in a ruthenium complex with high efficiency as exemplified by the synthesis of a heterodimetallic ruthenium-osmium complex.

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Highly efficient and robust molecular ruthenium catalysts for water oxidation,
Catalysts | Special Issue : Ruthenium Catalysts – MDPI

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The present invention relates to a theranostic system comprising a beacon and a compound selected from the group consisting of a quinazoline-based tyrosine kinase inhibitor and a natural product. The theranostic systems have use in the therapy and diagnosis of tyrosine kinase related malignancies.

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Reference:
Highly efficient and robust molecular ruthenium catalysts for water oxidation,
Catalysts | Special Issue : Ruthenium Catalysts – MDPI

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A new Ru(II) bipyridyl complex with O4-hydrogenpyridine-2,4-dicarboxylate was synthesized and characterized by IR, NMR and mass spec-trometry, X-ray diffraction analysis and elemental analysis. The electrochemical characteristics of the complex were investigated by cyclic voltammetry, revealing Ru(II)/Ru(III) electron transfer in the positive range of potentials. On the opposite potential side, multiple partially reversible peaks were dominant, representing subsequent reductions of the bulky bipyridyl moiety. The cyto-toxic activity of the complex was tested in two human cancer cell lines: A549 (lung cancer) and K562 (leukemia) as well as non-tumor MRC-5 cells, by MTT assays. The IC50 values were > 300 and 177.63±2.28 muM for the A549 and K562 cells, respectively.

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Highly efficient and robust molecular ruthenium catalysts for water oxidation,
Catalysts | Special Issue : Ruthenium Catalysts – MDPI

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Spectroscopic and electrochemical investigations have been carried out on a collection of hydrogen-bonded mixed-valence adducts of ruthenium complexes. The electron donors (H-bond acceptors) are Ru(II) cyano species and the electron acceptors (H-bond donors) are Ru(III) ethylenediamine species, and NIR spectroscopic transitions in the adducts are assigned to intervalence transfer through the hydrogen bonds holding the adducts together (HBIT). Spectroscopic studies using Job’s method indicate that the adducts are 2:1 ternary aggregates of formulations such as [((trpy)(bpy)Ru(II)(CN))2,(en)2Ru(III)(bpy)]5+ and [((bpy)2Ru(II)(CN)2)2,(en)2Ru(III)(bpy)]3+. Voltammetric investigations show substantial repulsion of the redox waves of the parent complexes in mixtures containing both donor and acceptor. Comparison with known electronic coupling data for mixed-valence ruthenium dimers covalently bound through dithiaspiroalkane bridging ligands indicates that the electronic coupling through H bonds of this type is 65-75% as strong as through sigma-covalent bonds.

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Reference:
Highly efficient and robust molecular ruthenium catalysts for water oxidation,
Catalysts | Special Issue : Ruthenium Catalysts – MDPI

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The effects of replacing a single polypyridyl ligand with an analogous anionic cyclometalating ligand were Investigated for a set of three structurally related series of Ru(II) compounds formulated as [Ru(bpy)2(L)] z, [Ru(tpy)(L)]z, and [Ru(tpy)(L)Cl]z, where z=0, -1, or +2, and L = polypyridyl (e.g., bpy=2,2′-blpyridlne, tpy = 2,2′:6′,2″-terpyridine) or cyclometalating ligand (e.g., deprotonated forms of 2-phenylpyridlne or 3-(2-pyridinyl)-benzoic acid). Each of the complexes were synthesized and characterized by1H NMR spectroscopy, electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS), and/or elemental analyses (EA). Cyclic voltammetry reveals that cyclometalation causes a shift of the first oxidation and reduction potentials by -0.5 to -0.8 V and -0.2 to -0.4 V, respectively, relative to their polypyridyl congeners. These disparate shifts have the effect of inducing a bathochromic shift of the lowest-energy absorption bands by as much as 90 nm. With the aid of time-dependent density functional theory (DFT), the lowest-energy bands (lambdamax = 500-575 nm) were assigned as predominantly metal-to-ligand charge-transfer (MLCT) transitions from Ru to the polypyridyl ligands, while Ru?C^N(or C^N^Nor N^C^N transitions are found within the absorption bands centered at ca. 400 nm. The properties of a series of compounds furnished with carboxylic acid anchoring groups at various positions are also examined for applications Involving the sensitization of metal-oxide semiconductors. It Is determined that the thermodynamic potentials of many of these compounds are appropriate for conventional photoelectrochemical cells (e.g., dye-sensitized solar cells) that utilize a titania electrode and iodide-based electrolyte.

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Reference:
Highly efficient and robust molecular ruthenium catalysts for water oxidation,
Catalysts | Special Issue : Ruthenium Catalysts – MDPI

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Ferrocenyldipyridyls and ferrocenyl-o-phenanthrolines have been synthesized by the direct reaction of lithioferrocenes with the appropriate dipyridine or 1,10-phenanthroline.The spectroscopic properties of these potential new ligands are described and the synthesis of bis-2,2′-dipyridyl(6-ferrocenyl-2,2′-dipyridyl)ruthenium dichloride, 8, in its hydrated from is reported.

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Reference:
Highly efficient and robust molecular ruthenium catalysts for water oxidation,
Catalysts | Special Issue : Ruthenium Catalysts – MDPI

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15746-57-3, Name is Cis-Dichlorobis(2,2′-bipyridine)ruthenium(II), molecular formula is C20H16Cl2N4Ru, belongs to ruthenium-catalysts compound, is a common compound. In a patnet, once mentioned the new application about 15746-57-3, COA of Formula: C20H16Cl2N4Ru

A new tris-2??,4??,6??-(2,2?-bipyridin-4-yl)-1??,3??,5??-triazine ligand and its family of ruthenium coordination complexes are described along with their characterization by electrochemical and photophysical methods as well as a rare single crystal X-ray analysis of a triruthenium polypyridine complex.

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Highly efficient and robust molecular ruthenium catalysts for water oxidation,
Catalysts | Special Issue : Ruthenium Catalysts – MDPI

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The method of estimation of the geometry changes due to electronic excitations using resonance Raman intensities and the results of quantum chemical calculations was extended on the transition metal complexes with organic ligands. The local nature of the MLCT transitions greatly simplifies the method in that it is possible to work only with a fragment of the initial rather complicated complex ion. The method is applied to the study of the Ru(II) complexes with 2,2?-bipyridine.

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Highly efficient and robust molecular ruthenium catalysts for water oxidation,
Catalysts | Special Issue : Ruthenium Catalysts – MDPI

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Bipyrimidine-bridged trimetallic complexes of the form {[(bpy)2Ru(bpm)]2MCl2}5+, where M = RhIII or IrIII bpy = 2,2?-bipyridine, and bpm = 2,2?-bipyrimidine, have been synthesized and characterized. These complexes are of interest in that they couple catalytically active rhodium(III) and iridium(III) metals with light-absorbing ruthenium(II) metals within a polymetallic framework. Their molecular composition is a light absorber-electron collector-light absorber core of a photochemical molecular device (PMD) for photoinitiated electron collection. The variation of the central metal has some profound effects on the observed properties of these complexes. The electrochemical data for the title trimetallics consist of a RuII/III oxidation and sequential reductions assigned to the bipyrimidine ligands, Ir or Rh metal centers, and bipyridines. In both trimetallic complexes, the first oxidation is Ru based and the bridging ligand reductions occur prior to the central metal reduction. This illustrates that the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) is localized on the ruthenium metal center and the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital resides on the bpm ligand. This bpm-based LUMO in {[(bpy)2Ru(bpm)]2RhCl2}5+ is in contrast with that observed for the monometallic [Rh(bpm)2Cl2]+ where the [RhIIIRhI reduction occurs prior to the bpm reduction. This orbital inversion is a result of bridge formation upon construction of the trimetallic complex. Both the Ir- and Rh-based trimetallic complexes exhibit a room temperature emission centered at 800 nm with tau = 10 ns. A detailed comparison of the spectroscopic, electrochemical, and spectroelectrochemical properties of these polymetallic complexes is described herein.

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Reference:
Highly efficient and robust molecular ruthenium catalysts for water oxidation,
Catalysts | Special Issue : Ruthenium Catalysts – MDPI

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Ruthenium trisbipyridine C60 dyads linked via para-phenyleneethynylene units have been prepared. They displayed a rapid energy transfer from Ru to C60 with a rate that was independent of distance, from 1.1 to 2.3 nm. The results are explained by a hopping mechanism involving a bridge-localized excited-state. In fact, for the longest bridge this state was lower in energy than the Ru-based MLCT state, as evidenced by the spectroscopic data. The Royal Society of Chemistry and the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique 2005.

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Reference:
Highly efficient and robust molecular ruthenium catalysts for water oxidation,
Catalysts | Special Issue : Ruthenium Catalysts – MDPI