Extracurricular laboratory:new discovery of Cis-Dichlorobis(2,2′-bipyridine)ruthenium(II)

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Ruthenium phenolates, synthesis, characterization and electron-transfer properties of some salicylaldiminato and 2-(arylazo)phenolato complexes of ruthenium

Eleven mixed-ligand ruthenium(II) complexes of the general formula [Ru(bpy)2 (L)]ClO4 [bpy = 2,2?-bipyridine. L = salicylaldiminate or 2-(arylazo) phenolate anion] have been synthesized and characterized. The complexes are diamagnetic (low-spin d6, S = 0) and in solution show intense MLCT transitions in the visible region. In acetonitrile solution they all show a reversible ruthenium(II) ruthenium(III) oxidation in the range 0.5-0.9 V versus SCE and an irreversible ruthenium(III)-ruthenium(IV) oxidation near 1.6 V versus SCE. The potential of the ruthenium(II) ruthenium(III) couple is sensitive to the nature of substituents on the ligand L. Two successive one-electron reductions of the coordinated bpy are also observed near -1.5 and -1.8 V versus SCE. Two representative [RuIII(bpy)2(L)]2+ complexes have been synthesized by chemical oxidation of their ruthenium(II) precursors by aqueous ceric solution and isolated as perchlorate salts. These oxidized complexes are paramagnetic (low-spin d5, S = 1/2) and show rhombic ESR spectra at 77 K. They show intense LMCT transitions in the visible region in acetonitrile solution together with weak ligand-field transitions at lower energies. Chemical reduction of these ruthenium(III) complexes by hydrazine gives back the parent ruthenium(II) complexes. In acetonitrile solution the [RuIII(bpy)2(L)]2+ complexes oxidize N.N-dimethyl aniline, 1,2-napthoquinone-1-oxime, [RuII(bpy)2Cl2] and [FeII(C5H5)2] to produce N,N,N?,N?-tetramethylbenzidine, 1,2-napthoquinone-1-iminoxy radical, [RuIII(bpy)2Cl2]+ and [FeIII(C5H5)2]+, respectively, which have been characterized by spectroscopic and electrochemical techniques.

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Reference£º
Highly efficient and robust molecular ruthenium catalysts for water oxidation,
Catalysts | Special Issue : Ruthenium Catalysts – MDPI

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Custom-fit ruthenium(II) metallopeptides: A new twist to DNA binding with coordination compounds

A new bipyridine building block has been used for the solid-phase synthesis of dinuclear DNA-binding ruthenium(II) metallopeptides. Detailed spectroscopic studies suggest that these compounds bind to the DNA by insertion into the DNA minor groove. Moreover, the potential of the solid-phase peptide synthesis approach is demonstrated by the straightforward synthesis of an octaarginine derivative that shows effective cellular internalization and cytotoxicity linked with strong DNA interaction, as evidenced by steady-state fluorescence spectroscopy and AFM studies. Metallopeptides made-to-measure: A new bipyridine building block has been used for the solid-phase synthesis of dinuclear DNA-binding ruthenium(II) metallopeptides. The potential of the solid-phase peptide synthesis (SPPS) is demonstrated by the straightforward synthesis of an octaarginine derivative that shows effective cellular internalization and cytotoxicity linked with strong DNA interaction (see figure). Copyright

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Reference£º
Highly efficient and robust molecular ruthenium catalysts for water oxidation,
Catalysts | Special Issue : Ruthenium Catalysts – MDPI

Final Thoughts on Chemistry for Cis-Dichlorobis(2,2′-bipyridine)ruthenium(II)

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15746-57-3. Chemistry is an experimental science, and the best way to enjoy it and learn about it is performing experiments.Introducing a new discovery about 15746-57-3, Name is Cis-Dichlorobis(2,2′-bipyridine)ruthenium(II)

Silane: A new linker for chromophores in dye-sensitised solar cells

A series of ruthenium(II) polypyridyl complexes, with novel silane functionalisation, [Ru(bipy)2(bipy-sil)](PF6)2 (3), [Ru(bipy-sil)2Cl2] (6), and [Ru(bipy-sil) 2(NCS)2] (7) have been synthesised and tested as chromophores (dyes) in TiO2 and WO3 based dye-sensitised solar cells (DSSCs). The performance of the respective DSSCs were compared to analogous dyes with ionic carboxylate ([Ru(bipy)2(dcbipy)](PF 6)2 (1), [Ru(dcbipy)2Cl2] (4), [Ru(dcbipy)2(NCS)2] (5)) or phosphonate ([Ru(bipy) 2(dpipy)](PF6)2 (2)) linking groups. The covalent silane-metal oxide linkage offers much needed improvement to the operating conditions, and lifetime of DSSCs, in terms of pH range and choice of solvent. UV-Vis spectroscopy of the deep-red solutions showed that the bis-bipy-sil complexes absorbed more visible light than the tris-bipy complex, as indicated by the presence of two absorption bands and higher epsilon values. The UV-Vis spectrum of (3) contained a single broad absorption at 400-600 nm with: lambdamax = 457 nm; epsilon = 10 520 ¡À 440 L mol -1 cm-1, whereas two intense broad absorption bands were observed for novel bis-bipy-sil complexes (6): 340-370 nm (lambda max(1) = 365 nm, epsilon(1) = 12 716 ¡À 180 L mol-1 cm-1); and 440-540 nm (lambdamax(2) = 485 nm, epsilon(2) = 11 070 ¡À 150 L mol-1 cm -1), and (7): 340-400 nm (lambdamax = 371 nm, epsilon(1) = 20 690 ¡À 485 L mol-1 cm-1), and 460-530 nm (lambdamax = 500 nm and epsilon(2) = 20 750 ¡À 487 L mol-1 cm-1). The bands in (7) being significantly more defined. A 10-fold improvement in the efficiency of the bipy-sil TiO2-based DSSCs was observed from (3) to (6) to (7). This performance was lower than that of the commercial N3 dye, [Ru(dcbipy) 2(NCS)2] (5), but the current of (7) on WO3, was comparable to that of the carboxylate system (4). There is considerable potential for further improvement by modification of the silyl linker, reducing the long non-conjugated propyl chain between the amide group and the silatrane (bipy-sil), to a short, conjugated link. During an extensive synthetic study, the most promising strategy was identified as direct linkage, the formation of a direct Si-C bond, using butyllithium with 4,4?-dibromo-2,2?- bipyridine and either trimethylsilane or 1-ethoxysilatrane, provided that the product can be captured and stabilised prior to binding to a metal oxide coated DSSC substrate.

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Reference£º
Highly efficient and robust molecular ruthenium catalysts for water oxidation,
Catalysts | Special Issue : Ruthenium Catalysts – MDPI