Category: 10049-08-8

A catalyst don’t appear in the overall stoichiometry of the reaction it catalyzes, but it must appear in at least one of the elementary reactions in the mechanism for the catalyzed reaction. 10049-08-8, Name is Ruthenium(III) chloride, molecular formula is Cl3Ru. In a Article，once mentioned of 10049-08-8, SDS of cas: 10049-08-8

A series of functionalized polynorbornenes containing pendent ether- or ester-bridged poly(aromatic ether) chains were prepared. The ether-bridged norbornene complex was synthesized via cyclopentadienyliron-mediated nucleophilic aromatic substitution reactions. This methodology, combined with that of dicyclohexylcarbodiimidemediated coupling, allowed for the formation of novel oligomeric aryl ether and ester substituted norbornene complexes. Photolytic demetallation gave the monomers in good yields. Structural identification of the exo and endo isomers of both the metallated and demetallated norbornene derivatives was accomplished using HH and CH COSY NMR techniques. Ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) of these monomers using RuCl3(hydrate) and (Cy3P)2Cl2Ru=CHPh allowed for the preparation of the functionalized polynorbornenes. Thermal analysis of the resulting polymeric materials demonstrated greater thermal stability as the number of aryl ether groups increased.

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Reference：
Highly efficient and robust molecular ruthenium catalysts for water oxidation,
Catalysts | Special Issue : Ruthenium Catalysts – MDPI

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The hydrogen adsorption properties and uptake capacities of NaX and its palladium and ruthenium exchanged forms were investigated at 77 K in a static volumetric adsorption setup up to 1 bar, and at 303 K and 333 K in a gravimetric adsorption system up to 5 bar. All the hydrogen adsorption isotherms were of Type I with a maximum adsorption capacity shown in NaX at 77 K temperature. Hydrogen adsorption capacities at 77 K were found to be decreasing as palladium and ruthenium exchange levels increases. Chemisorption of hydrogen was observed at 303 K and 333 K and was due to the chemical interaction between the transition metal cations and the hydrogen molecules. The maximum hydrogen uptake at 303 K and 5 bar was observed for palladium exchanged zeolite X with a value of around 85 cm3/g. Grand canonical Monte Carlo simulations were also performed to study the adsorption of H2 in these zeolites at 77 K as well as 303 K and 333 K. The simulation studies are suitable for establishing a correlation between the microscopic behavior of the zeolite and adsorbate system with the macroscopic properties which are measured experimentally, such as adsorption isotherms.

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Reference：
Highly efficient and robust molecular ruthenium catalysts for water oxidation,
Catalysts | Special Issue : Ruthenium Catalysts – MDPI

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A theoretical study of the ruthenium(III) complex [RuCl2(pz2CHSO3)(en)] and of its nitrosyl-substituted product [Ru(NO)Cl(pz2CHSO3)(en)]+ is presented, based on density functional calculations. Several isomers of each compound differing in the position of the anionic tail of a bis(3,4-dimethyl-1-yl)methanesulfonate scorpionate ligand, pz2CHSO3-, relative to the monodentate ligands have been optimized. A two-step mechanism is proposed for the ligand substitution reaction that is consistent with the computational results and the weak coordination of the sulfonate group.

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Reference：
Highly efficient and robust molecular ruthenium catalysts for water oxidation,
Catalysts | Special Issue : Ruthenium Catalysts – MDPI

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The kinetics of ruthenium(III) catalyzed oxidation of L-proline by diperiodatocuprate(III) (DPC) in alkaline medium at constant ionic strength (0.10 mol dm-3) has been studied spectrophotometrically using a rapid kinetic accessory. The reaction showed first order kinetics in [DPC] and [RuIII] and apparently less than unit order dependence each in L-proline and alkali concentrations. A mechanism involving the formation of a complex between the L-proline and the hydroxylated species of ruthenium (III) has been proposed. The active species of oxidant and catalyst were [Cu(OH) 2 (H3IO6)2 (H2IO 6)2]4- and [Ru (H2O) 5OH]2+ respectively. The reaction constants involved in the mechanism were evaluated. The activation parameters were computed with respect to the slow step of the mechanism and discussed. Nauka/Interperiodica 2006.

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Reference：
Highly efficient and robust molecular ruthenium catalysts for water oxidation,
Catalysts | Special Issue : Ruthenium Catalysts – MDPI

10049-08-8, Name is Ruthenium(III) chloride, molecular formula is Cl3Ru, belongs to ruthenium-catalysts compound, is a common compound. In a patnet, once mentioned the new application about 10049-08-8, name: Ruthenium(III) chloride

In-situ infrared studies performed with operating Ru-complex-sensitized wet solar cells using a total reflection technique reveal that the ruthenium complex (both tri- and mononuclear) attached to TiO2 is photoelectrochemically transformed and irreversibly consumed under conditions of insufficient regeneration by iodide or from the oxide within the nanocrystalline TiO2 pores. The sensitizer [(Ru(bpy)2(CN)2)2Ru(bpca)2] 2- (bpy is 2,2a¿²-bipyridine, bpca is 2,2a¿²-bipyridine-4,4a¿²-dicarboxylate) decomposes into fragments; one of them was identified to be Ru(bpy)2(CN)2. For the sensitizer Ru(bpca)2(SCN)2, it is shown that a molecular fragment (absorbing at 2013 cm-1) is generated which is diffusing out of the nanostructured TiO2 layer. Due to its correlation with the photocurrent density, it is identified as a product of the oxidized sensitizer. Due to a high serial resistance introduced by the total reflection element and the resulting low fillfactor of the sensitization cell during in-situ measurements, only small photocurrents (5-10 I¼A cm-2) could be passed through the sensitizing interface. Since the rate of product formation should be proportional to the ratio of photocurrent density to iodide concentration, the iodide concentration was correspondingly reduced (1-10 mM) as compared to the conditions in a solar cell (10 mA cm-2, 1 M). This spectroscopic technique was developed because efforts to produce stable sensitization solar cells proved to be unsuccessful due to sealing problems. Our experiments do not seem to permit extrapolation to 107-108 electron transfer numbers for sensitizing Ru complexes, and real long-term testing is required for reevaluating long-term performance.

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Reference：
Highly efficient and robust molecular ruthenium catalysts for water oxidation,
Catalysts | Special Issue : Ruthenium Catalysts – MDPI

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The hitherto unknown functional derivatives of decamethylruthenocene (I), viz. (C5Me5)RuC5Me4CHO (II), and C5Me5RuC5Me4CH2OH (III) have been synthesized.The interaction of III with acids results in C5Me5RuC5Me4CH2(+) X(-) (IV, X = BF4, PF6) which contain the carbocationic center stabilized by direct interaction with the Ru atom.NMR and X-ray structural data for the salt IV (X = PF6) indicate the strong Ru…C(+) interaction (the Ru…C(+) distance is 2.603 Angstroem).

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Reference：
Highly efficient and robust molecular ruthenium catalysts for water oxidation,
Catalysts | Special Issue : Ruthenium Catalysts – MDPI

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Amorphous hydrous ruthenium oxide (RuO2·xH2O) with different composition x has been studied using solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. The 2DNMR spectra at different temperatures illustrate that the water molecules undergo fast molecular motion even if the temperature is as low as 213 K. The static 1HNMR spectra indicate the composition dependent proton-proton dipolar interaction. It is demonstrated that the mobility of the water molecules and their interaction with ruthenium oxides play an important role in the proton charge density. In conclusion, the competition between these two antithetical effects provides a mechanism for the proton charge storage of the RuO2·xH2O materials.

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Reference：
Highly efficient and robust molecular ruthenium catalysts for water oxidation,
Catalysts | Special Issue : Ruthenium Catalysts – MDPI

The reaction rate of a catalyzed reaction is faster than the reaction rate of the uncatalyzed reaction at the same temperature.10049-08-8, Name is Ruthenium(III) chloride, molecular formula is Cl3Ru. In a Article，once mentioned of 10049-08-8, name: Ruthenium(III) chloride

Complexes of pyridine-2-carboxaldehyde thiosemicarbazone (HPAT) with Cu(II), Ni(II), Zn(II), Cd(II), Hg(II), Co(III), Fe(III), Ru(III), In(III) and Al(III) have been prepared and characterized through chemical analyses, electronic and infrared spectral studies and magnetic and conductance measurements.The ligand shows three types of coordination behaviour.In the complexes , (NO3)2.C2H5OH, .C2H5OH, and .C2H5OH it acts as a neutral tridentate ligand coordinating through the ring nitrogen, azomethine nitrogen and the sulphur atom, while in BF4 and Cl, it behaves as a monobasic tridentate ligand coordinating through the same donor atoms.In the complexes , Cl and Cl3 it acts as a bidentate ligand coordinating only through the ring nitrogen and azomethine nitrogen.Monomeric octahedral or dimeric chlorine-bridged, approximately octahedral structures are proposed for these complexes.

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Reference：
Highly efficient and robust molecular ruthenium catalysts for water oxidation,
Catalysts | Special Issue : Ruthenium Catalysts – MDPI

Reference of 10049-08-8, Catalysts are substances that increase the reaction rate of a chemical reaction without being consumed in the process. 10049-08-8, Name is Ruthenium(III) chloride, molecular formula is Cl3Ru. In a Article，once mentioned of 10049-08-8

A new tridentate ligand, 2-furyl (m-aminophenylenimine)methyl ketone (FAMK), was synthesised from m-phenylenediamine and furanglyoxal. Its metal complexes of the general formula [M(FAMK)X2H2O], where M = Mn(II), Co(II) and Ni(II) and [M(FAMK)X3], where M = Rh(III), Ru(III) and Ir(III) have been prepared. On the basis of chemical analyses, magnetic moment measurements, IR and electronic spectra, an octahedral geometry of the ligand around the metallic ions has been suggested. The fungicidal activities of the ligand and its metal complexes have also been studied.

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Reference：
Highly efficient and robust molecular ruthenium catalysts for water oxidation,
Catalysts | Special Issue : Ruthenium Catalysts – MDPI

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The ratio of the dichloromethane-methanol solvent mixture medium and nature of the receptor amide substituent critically dictates chloride vs. nitrate selectivity properties of new ruthenium(II) tris(5,5?-diamide-2,2?-bipyridine) receptors.

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Reference：
Highly efficient and robust molecular ruthenium catalysts for water oxidation,
Catalysts | Special Issue : Ruthenium Catalysts – MDPI