In organic chemistry, atoms other than carbon and hydrogen are generally referred to as heteroatoms. The most common heteroatoms are nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur. Now I present to you an article called Influence of Initiation Efficiency and Polydispersity of Primary Chains on Gelation during Atom Transfer Radical Copolymerization of Monomer and Cross-Linker, published in 2009-02-24, which mentions a compound: 19481-82-4, mainly applied to gelation atom transfer radical copolymerization, Electric Literature of C3H4BrN.
The influence of initiation efficiency and polydispersity of primary chains on the exptl. gel points was studied during atom transfer radical copolymerization (ATRcP) of monovinyl monomer and divinyl cross-linker. Three initiators with progressively increased initiation efficiency-Et 2-bromopropionate (EBrP) < Et 2-bromoisobutyrate (EBiB) < 2-bromopropionitrile (BPN)-were used for the ATRcP of Me methacrylate (MMA) and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA). With the least efficient EBrP initiator, exptl. gelation occurred when the molar ratio of EGDMA cross-linker to EBrP was as low as 0.25 due to the low initiation efficiency of EBrP. In contrast, no gelation was observed by using the most efficient BPN initiator, even when the molar ratio of cross-linker to initiator was equal to unity. The use of a poorer solvent for copper catalyst also decreased the initiation efficiency and resulted in a gelation at lower monomer conversion. The dependence of exptl. gel points on the polydispersity of primary chains was studied by using activators regenerated by electron transfer (ARGET) ATRP for copolymerization of Me acrylate (MA) and ethylene glycol diacrylate (EGDA). Decreasing the copper concentration from tens of ppm to a few ppm broadened the mol. weight distribution of primary chains, which resulted in an earlier gelation at lower monomer conversion during the copolymerization of MA and EGDA. Here is just a brief introduction to this compound(19481-82-4)Electric Literature of C3H4BrN, more information about the compound(2-Bromopropanenitrile) is in the article, you can click the link below.
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Highly efficient and robust molecular ruthenium catalysts for water oxidation,
Catalysts | Special Issue : Ruthenium Catalysts – MDPI