Sep 2021 News Some scientific research about Ruthenium(III) chloride

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The kinetics of ruthenium(III) catalyzed oxidation of L-proline by diperiodatocuprate(III) (DPC) in alkaline medium at constant ionic strength (0.10 mol dm-3) has been studied spectrophotometrically using a rapid kinetic accessory. The reaction showed first order kinetics in [DPC] and [RuIII] and apparently less than unit order dependence each in L-proline and alkali concentrations. A mechanism involving the formation of a complex between the L-proline and the hydroxylated species of ruthenium (III) has been proposed. The active species of oxidant and catalyst were [Cu(OH) 2 (H3IO6)2 (H2IO 6)2]4- and [Ru (H2O) 5OH]2+ respectively. The reaction constants involved in the mechanism were evaluated. The activation parameters were computed with respect to the slow step of the mechanism and discussed. Nauka/Interperiodica 2006.

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Reference:
Highly efficient and robust molecular ruthenium catalysts for water oxidation,
Catalysts | Special Issue : Ruthenium Catalysts – MDPI

Sep 2021 News The important role of Ruthenium(III) chloride

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A theoretical study of the ruthenium(III) complex [RuCl2(pz2CHSO3)(en)] and of its nitrosyl-substituted product [Ru(NO)Cl(pz2CHSO3)(en)]+ is presented, based on density functional calculations. Several isomers of each compound differing in the position of the anionic tail of a bis(3,4-dimethyl-1-yl)methanesulfonate scorpionate ligand, pz2CHSO3-, relative to the monodentate ligands have been optimized. A two-step mechanism is proposed for the ligand substitution reaction that is consistent with the computational results and the weak coordination of the sulfonate group.

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Reference:
Highly efficient and robust molecular ruthenium catalysts for water oxidation,
Catalysts | Special Issue : Ruthenium Catalysts – MDPI

Sep 2021 News Discovery of Dichloro(benzene)ruthenium(II) dimer

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The present disclosure relates to a new catalytic process for the production of methanol from carbon dioxide, comprising: (1) the conversion of carbon dioxide and hydrogen to formic acid or formate salts; (2) converting the formic acid or formate salts to diformate esters of diols; (3) hydrogenating the diformate esters to methanol and diols. The diols produced from the hydrogenation reaction can be recovered and re-used to prepare the diformate esters.

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Reference:
Highly efficient and robust molecular ruthenium catalysts for water oxidation,
Catalysts | Special Issue : Ruthenium Catalysts – MDPI

Sep 2021 News Top Picks: new discover of Ruthenium(III) chloride

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The hydrogen adsorption properties and uptake capacities of NaX and its palladium and ruthenium exchanged forms were investigated at 77 K in a static volumetric adsorption setup up to 1 bar, and at 303 K and 333 K in a gravimetric adsorption system up to 5 bar. All the hydrogen adsorption isotherms were of Type I with a maximum adsorption capacity shown in NaX at 77 K temperature. Hydrogen adsorption capacities at 77 K were found to be decreasing as palladium and ruthenium exchange levels increases. Chemisorption of hydrogen was observed at 303 K and 333 K and was due to the chemical interaction between the transition metal cations and the hydrogen molecules. The maximum hydrogen uptake at 303 K and 5 bar was observed for palladium exchanged zeolite X with a value of around 85 cm3/g. Grand canonical Monte Carlo simulations were also performed to study the adsorption of H2 in these zeolites at 77 K as well as 303 K and 333 K. The simulation studies are suitable for establishing a correlation between the microscopic behavior of the zeolite and adsorbate system with the macroscopic properties which are measured experimentally, such as adsorption isotherms.

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Reference:
Highly efficient and robust molecular ruthenium catalysts for water oxidation,
Catalysts | Special Issue : Ruthenium Catalysts – MDPI

Sep 2021 News More research is needed about Dichloro(benzene)ruthenium(II) dimer

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The invention provides a method for preparing nitrile compounds through ruthenium metal complex catalytic primary amine dehydrogenation, and belongs to the technical field of energy and homogeneous catalysis. The invention successfully designs a series of ruthenium metal complex catalysts, and can efficiently catalyze the dehydrogenation of primary amine compounds to prepare nitrile compounds. The catalyst has the advantages of simple preparation method, good stability, high selectivity and wide substrate applicability. Taking benzylamine dehydrogenation to give a nitrile as an example, the yield of benzonitrile can reach unitz 95%. This reaction does not need to use highly toxic cyanogen reagent and strong oxidant, has avoided causing the pollution to the environment, has also eliminated the potential safety hazard. The only by-product of this catalytic reaction is hydrogen, and it both can regard as green energy, also can regard as the hydrogen source of other reaction. In addition, the realization of the catalytic reaction also provides an idea for the amine substances as the liquid hydrogen storage material. (by machine translation)

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Reference:
Highly efficient and robust molecular ruthenium catalysts for water oxidation,
Catalysts | Special Issue : Ruthenium Catalysts – MDPI

Sep 2021 News New explortion of Ruthenium(III) chloride

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A series of functionalized polynorbornenes containing pendent ether- or ester-bridged poly(aromatic ether) chains were prepared. The ether-bridged norbornene complex was synthesized via cyclopentadienyliron-mediated nucleophilic aromatic substitution reactions. This methodology, combined with that of dicyclohexylcarbodiimidemediated coupling, allowed for the formation of novel oligomeric aryl ether and ester substituted norbornene complexes. Photolytic demetallation gave the monomers in good yields. Structural identification of the exo and endo isomers of both the metallated and demetallated norbornene derivatives was accomplished using HH and CH COSY NMR techniques. Ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) of these monomers using RuCl3(hydrate) and (Cy3P)2Cl2Ru=CHPh allowed for the preparation of the functionalized polynorbornenes. Thermal analysis of the resulting polymeric materials demonstrated greater thermal stability as the number of aryl ether groups increased.

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Reference:
Highly efficient and robust molecular ruthenium catalysts for water oxidation,
Catalysts | Special Issue : Ruthenium Catalysts – MDPI

2-Sep-2021 News New explortion of Dichloro(benzene)ruthenium(II) dimer

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A variety of planar chiral Ru-complexes bearing tropos ortho-substituted biphenyl ligands were synthesized. The planar chirality control of the Ru complexes by enantiopure (R)-H8DABN selectively gave the thermodynamically stable diastereomers via association of solvents employed. Copyright

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Reference:
Highly efficient and robust molecular ruthenium catalysts for water oxidation,
Catalysts | Special Issue : Ruthenium Catalysts – MDPI

2-Sep-2021 News Archives for Chemistry Experiments of Dichloro(benzene)ruthenium(II) dimer

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Ru(ii) polypyridine complexes which can undergo photo-induced ligand dissociation and subsequent DNA covalent binding may potentially serve as photoactivated chemotherapeutic (PACT) agents. In this paper, three fluorinated dppz ligand coordinated Ru(ii) complexes (2-4) containing four monodentate pyridine ligands were studied. All complexes released one pyridine and covalently bound to DNA upon 470 nm irradiation. Compared with the parent complex [Ru(dppz)(py)4]2+ (1), 2-4 displayed enhanced phototoxicity but diminished dark cytotoxicity, more favorable for PACT application. Complex 3 is the most efficient one with IC50 values of about 8 muM toward HeLa and SKOV-3 cell lines, and also has a much higher IC50 value toward normal L-02 cells. Our results indicate that fluorination on the retaining ligand may be an efficient way to improve the drug activity of Ru(ii) PACT agents.

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Reference:
Highly efficient and robust molecular ruthenium catalysts for water oxidation,
Catalysts | Special Issue : Ruthenium Catalysts – MDPI

2-Sep-2021 News Discovery of Ruthenium(III) chloride

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5-(2-Furyl)-1-alkynes react, with PtCl2 as catalyst, to give phenols. On the basis of DFT calculations, a cyclopropyl platinacarbene complex was found as the key intermediate in the process. The cyclopropane and dihydrofuran rings of this intermediate open to form a carbonyl compound, which reacts with the platinum carbene to form an oxepin, which is in equilibrium with an arene oxide. When the reaction is carried out in the presence of water, dicarbonyl compounds are obtained, which support the proposed mechanism. Other cyclizations of alkynes with furans or electron-rich arenes give products of apparent Friedel-Crafts-type reactions, although these processes could also proceed by pathways involving the formation of cyclopropyl platinum carbenes.

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Reference:
Highly efficient and robust molecular ruthenium catalysts for water oxidation,
Catalysts | Special Issue : Ruthenium Catalysts – MDPI

2-Sep-2021 News Final Thoughts on Chemistry for Dichloro(benzene)ruthenium(II) dimer

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Reactions of 3,6-bis(2-pyridyl)-4-phenylpyridazine (Lph) with [(eta6-arene)Ru(mu-Cl)Cl]2 (arene = C6H6, p-iPrC6H4Me and C6Me6), [(eta5-C5Me5)M(mu-Cl)Cl]2, (M = Rh and Ir) and [(eta5-Cp)Ru(PPh3)2Cl] (Cp = C5H5, C5Me5 and C9H7) afford mononuclear complexes of the type [(eta6-arene)Ru(Lph)Cl]PF6, [(eta5-C5Me5)M(Lph)Cl]PF6 and [(Cp)Ru(Lph)(PPh3)]PF6 with different structural motifs depending on the pi-acidity of the ligand, electronic properties of the central metal atom and nature of the co-ligands. Complexes [(eta6-C6H6)Ru(Lph)Cl]PF6 1, [(eta6-p-iPrC6H4Me)Ru(Lph)Cl]PF6 2, [(eta5-C5Me5)Ir(Lph)Cl]PF6 5, [(eta5-Cp)Ru(PPh3)(Lph)]PF6, (Cp = C5H5, 6; C5Me5, 7; C9H7, 8) show the type-A binding mode (see text), while complexes [(eta6-C6Me6)Ru(Lph)Cl]PF6 3 and [(eta5-C5Me5)Rh(Lph)Cl]PF6 4 show the type-B binding mode (see text). These differences reflect the more electron-rich character of the [(eta6-C6Me6)Ru(mu-Cl)Cl]2 and [(eta5-C5Me5)Rh(mu-Cl)Cl]2 complexes compared to the other starting precursor complexes. Binding modes of the ligand Lph are determined by 1H NMR spectroscopy, single-crystal X-ray analysis as well as evidence obtained from the solid-state structures and corroborated by density functional theory calculations. From the systems studied here, it is concluded that the electron density on the central metal atom of these complexes plays an important role in deciding the ligand binding sites.

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Reference:
Highly efficient and robust molecular ruthenium catalysts for water oxidation,
Catalysts | Special Issue : Ruthenium Catalysts – MDPI